Cupola-furnace.



W. N. BEST.

GUPOLA PU KNACKi n sEPT.12,191

APPLIATION FILE Patented' May 6, 1913.

3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

A TOHNEYS Patented May 6, 1913.

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W. N. BEST.

CUPOLA FURNACR. APPLIGATIUN FILED HBP?. x2. 1911,

L fi WILLIAM NEWTON BEST, 0F NEW YORK, N. Y.

CUPOLA'FURNACEL Specification cf Letters Patent.

Patent-ed May 6, 1era. Y

' Application aledsept'emberiz, 1911. serial,zsiatsae'sa.

To all 'uf/mnt it my conce/7L:

Be it known that. ILVILLIAM Nmvroix" Bss'r. a citizen of' the UnitedStates, and a resident of the city of New'York, borough of Brooklyn,county of Kings, and State of New York, have 'invented certain -new anduseful Improvements in Cupola-Furnaces, of which the following' is afull, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to certain improvements in cupola furnaces, andthe ob]ect of the invention is to so construct the furnace that crudeoil or any other liquid hydrocarbon can be used as the fuel instead ofcoal or coke as is employed in ordinary'v practice.

In the connnon type of cupolal furnace, the

body Yof the furnace is charged by first plaeinr a quantity of woodinthe bottom and then piling upon it alternate layers of fuel and metal,the former being-ordinarily coal or colte and the latter being pig' ironor scrap iron. r[he fire is then kindled in the wood at the bottom andan air blast from apositive blower is used to' supply the oxygennecessary for the combustion of the entire fuel inass. As the metalmelts, it passes through the fuel and of course ab# sorbs niuchfof the`sulfur contained in the fuelT which is detrimentalito -the metal.

.In my improved construction, I form the cupola in coinbination with abath furnace and deliver the flame and the necessary air across thc bathfurnace and up through the cupola. 'lhis ).wrn'iits of the thoroughinixing'of the metal after it flows from the cupola into the hathfurnace` and', as no coal or colte is used. dillieulties arising fromthe present-'c of sulfur therein are. entirely avoided.

'l`he invention involves the arrangement and combination of partshereinafter described in detail and particularly pointed out in theclaim. 1

Reference is to be had to the accompanyiupr drawings which forni :i partdf this specification and in which similar reference characters"indicatecorresponding parts in the different views.-

Figure 1 is ay central vertical section through a furnace' constructedin accordance with my invention; Fig. 2 is a top plan View, one-halfbeing shown in section on the line 2--2 of Fig. 1; and Fig. Bis atransverse section on the line 3 3 of F ig. 1.

In my improved construction,I there 1s a main'stack or cupola 10 of anysuitable con struction and adapted to be charged at the upper endthrough any form of charging-- doors or other apparatus not shown. Thecupola at its lower endA rests upon a base, Within which is formed a.bath furnacev 1l. The cupola is lined with firebriclt 'or other suitablerefractory material, as are also the side and top walls of theI bathfurnace. v The bottom of the latter is preferably provided with a layerof furnace sand 12. VThe cupola stands at one end ofthe'bath furnace andhas a restricted opening through' which it may communicate with the bathfurnace. 'The cupola has a floor llpreferably of magnesite brick, the110012 sloping downwardly to the opening 14C, constituting the outletofthe furnace.;

l The bottom of the bath furnace -is preferably curved and at one Ysideisa .tapping spout 15, through/ whichithe metal 'may be drawn off` to asuitable vladle brother device. Opposite to the tappin'gspout is adoorway 16 normally. closed a door 17, with a refractory lining'and acast iron frame. At the end of the bath furnace op- 'posite vto the,'upola is a combustion chamber 18 above the normal level'of moltenmetal in the batlffurnace., This combustion cha-m. 86 ber issubstantially triangular inhorizontab cross sect-ion. its basebeing-ofthe -fu'll width of the'bath furnace closely vadjacent th door17 and the tapping spout 15, audits l 'apex being at a slightly higherelevation 90 and constituting the inlet 19. At this inlet there visplaced a burner 20 vpreferably constructed as disclosed-in my priorPatent No. 752,195 granted February'l, 1904. This burner serves tospraya fan-shaped sheet of liquid fuel downwardly through the conv. bastionchamber, so that the ame;fwill strike the metal in the bath furnace`upon its `upper surface and adjacent the outlet. elow the burner .is alarge air inletv pipe 21, delivering air under pressure into the(.-ombustion chamber below vthe burner, to supply the necessary air-forcarryingr on the complete combustion of the liquid fuel. The air orsteam delivered through the burner serves pri1n arily to atomize anddistribute the fuel throughout the combustion chamber, while the pipe 21serves for the .delivery of thev air supporting the combustion. A secondair pipe l2 may be einployed, if desired, and delivered directly intherear of the burner. This is used A(Lilly-t0 ioo 15 isbeing preparedto receive the molten c the vcupola an increase the velocity of. theflame through the charge in the cupola.

' In charging'my improved furnace, a `few pie'ces'of woodare placed inposition across thebottom ofthe cupola, so as'to protect the metal, bybeing heated to a 'degree which will lnot chill the metal but whichwill, on

the other hand, increase its temperature.

Y The flame'passes from the combustion ehamber through the bath furnaceto the opening f 14 and theneeupwardly through the cupola.

'The iron` melts and begins to run -down through the-opening 14 andcollectin the bath furnace. If it is desired to simply run cast iron,the metal can-pass directly into a ladle without vfillingthe bathfurnace.

.If dense'iron is to be 1nade,rthe pig and the 'steel which addedthereto can flow into.

the--bath furnace until two' or'threetons of it. has'accumulated, andthe Amass can be thoroughly mixed bypoling in the usual manner. c .Theburner is of such character that it delivers a fan-shaped flame ofsubstantiall)Y .the same shape as the combustion chamber andthe wallsl of :the bath furnace-opposite 'to the combustion chamber converge towardthe opening '14 so that the Haine is brought together and -deliveredwith full effect through the opening 14 into the lower por tion of thecharge. Either compressed air or steam can be used in the burner toatomize the'fuel, and the burner may be regulated'to produce the,oxidizing or reducing flame and to produce any desired degree of heat.As an added feature, I provide means whereby turnings or borings fromcastings may be charged in the bath furnace so as to eliminate theoxidation of the small parti.

cles of metal. For this purpose I have illustrated four tubes or-conduit-s, (24) leading from the upper surface of the bath furnace teoutlets beneath the normal level of the metal in the bath furnace.Through these tubes or conduits,.theborings or turnings -lnay bedelivered directly into the molten metal and united with thelatter'without liability of oxidation.

Ey having the bath as above described,

the metal may berundirectly into the ladles or may be held and steeladded tao-the bath. Manganese er other materials may also be added' tothe bath and stirred into the mixture. In this manner, various kinds fofmetals may be lnadc from one charge. AThe oxygen unites with the fuel inthe combustion chamber before it reaches the bath of the furnace. Thisprevents the oxidation of the nietal, whereas in the ordinary cupola,there is a very considerable oxidation.. Having thus described myinvent-ion what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patentis:

Incornbination, a cupola 'furnace having a subst'ftially closed 4chamberin open coininunifaton therewith and into which the molten metal mayflow, a combustion chamber at theend of said metal-'receiving chamlzcropposite to/said cupola and flaring inwardly and downwardly tosubstantially the full width of said first-mentioned chamber and to theupper surface of the normal metal level in the latter, means at theouter end or apex of said combustion chamber for spraying the` liquidfuel into said combustion chamber, and a separate conduit deliveringcombustion supporting air to said 'chamber below said spraying means.

In testimony whereotl have .signed my naine to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing Witnesses.

Emcaison T. Mmoclln, C. W. Fanummc.`

